Ga masu siyar da B2B masu shigo da kayan abinci na melamine mai yawa zuwa cikin EU, 2025 alama ce mai mahimmancin juyowar yarda. Sabunta ka'idojin kayan tuntuɓar abinci na Hukumar Tarayyar Turai - yana lalata ƙayyadaddun ƙaura na formaldehyde (SML) zuwa 15mg/kg don samfuran melamine - ya riga ya haifar da hauhawar ƙima a kan iyakokin: tun daga Oktoba 2025, Ireland kaɗai ta tsare 14 cikakken kwantena na jigilar kayayyaki marasa daidaituwa na melamine, matsakaita 0 na shigo da kayayyaki 1,00 na kowane kayan abinci. tara da kuɗaɗen zubarwa .
Ga masu siyar da kaya masu sarrafa manyan oda (raka'a 5,000+ a kowace akwati), kewaya tsarin takaddun shaida na EN 14362-1 na wajibi yayin sarrafa farashin gwaji yanzu shine fifiko-ko karya. Wannan jagorar ta rushe sabbin ƙa'idodi, ƙayyadaddun takaddun shaida na mataki-mataki, da dabarun raba farashi masu aiki waɗanda aka keɓance da ayyuka masu yawa.
Dokokin EU na 2025: Abin da Masu Siyayya Ya Bukatar Sanin
Gyaran 2025 zuwaDokokin EC (EU) No 10/2011yana wakiltar ƙaƙƙarfan sabuntawa ga ƙa'idodin tebur na melamine a cikin shekaru goma, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka damuwa game da haɗarin fallasa formaldehyde na dogon lokaci. Ga masu shigo da kaya masu yawa, manyan canje-canje guda uku suna buƙatar kulawa cikin gaggawa:
Formaldehyde Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa: SML don formaldehyde ya ragu daga 20mg/kg na baya zuwa 15mg/kg-raguwar 25%. Wannan ya shafi duk kayan tebur na melamine, gami da abubuwa masu launi da bugu waɗanda aka fi sayar da su a cikin batches.
Faɗaɗɗen Iyalin GwajiBayan formaldehyde, EN 14362-1 yanzu yana ba da umarnin gwaji don amines na farko (PAA) a ≤0.01mg/kg da ƙarfe masu nauyi (guba ≤0.01mg/kg, cadmium ≤0.005mg/kg) don samfuran launi.
Daidaita ISAR: Melamine yana ƙarƙashin la'akari don haɗawa cikin REACH's Annex XIV (Jerin Izini) . Dillalai dole ne a yanzu su riƙe bayanan takaddun shaida na tsawon shekaru 10 don tabbatar da gaskiyar sarkar kayayyaki.
Maria Lopez, darektan bin ka'ida a babban mai rarraba kayan abinci na EU ya ce "Farashin rashin bin doka ya ninka sau biyu a cikin 2025." "Kwallon da aka ƙi ɗaya zai iya shafe watanni 3 na riba akan layukan melamine. Masu saye da yawa ba za su iya ɗaukar takaddun shaida a matsayin tunani ba."
Mataki-mataki EN 14362-1 Takaddun Shaida don Cikakkun Kwantena
TS EN 14362-1 ma'aunin wajibi na EU don gwada kayan tuntuɓar abinci waɗanda ke ɗauke da rini da sutura - Mahimmanci ga kayan aikin melamine mai girma, waɗanda galibi ke fasalta ƙira da aka buga ko launuka masu launi. Ba kamar gwajin samfur na mutum ɗaya ba, takaddun shaida na cikakken kwantena yana buƙatar ƙirar ƙira da tsari don tabbatar da sakamakon wakilci. Anan ga tsarin aikin da aka mayar da hankali akai:
1. Pre-Gwaji Shiri (Makonni 1-2)
Kafin fara gwaji, daidaita tare da masana'anta akan mahimman bayanai guda biyu:
Daidaitaccen Abu: Tabbatar da duk raka'a a cikin akwati amfani da batches resin melamine iri ɗaya da masu launi. Ganyayyaki masu gauraya suna buƙatar gwaji daban, haɓaka farashi da 40-60% .
Takaddun bayanai: Aminta da cikakken lissafin kayan (BOM) gami da mai siyar da resin, ƙayyadaddun rini, da kwanakin samarwa-da ake buƙata ta labs kamar SGS da Eurofins don tabbatar da ƙimar gwaji.
2. Samfurin Cikakkun Kwantena (Mako na 3)
TS EN 14362-1 ya ba da umarnin yin samfuri dangane da girman akwati da nau'in samfuri. Don jigilar melamine mai girma:
Adadin Kwantena (20ft/40ft): Cire samfuran wakilai na 3 da launi / zane, tare da kowane samfurin yana yin la'akari da akalla 1g. Don kwantena masu> ƙira 5, gwada bambance-bambancen girma mafi girma 3 da farko.
Mixed Batches: Idan hada faranti, kwanuka, da trays, gwada kowane nau'in samfur daban. Guji haɗa launuka-sakamako sama da 5mg/kg ga kowane amine zai buƙaci gwajin launi na mutum mai tsada.
Yawancin dakunan gwaje-gwajen da aka amince da su suna ba da samfurin kan-site a tashar jiragen ruwa (misali, Rotterdam, Hamburg) akan € 200-€ 350 kowace akwati, kawar da jinkirin jigilar kayayyaki daga aika samfuran zuwa wurare masu nisa.
3. Core gwajin ladabi (makonni 4-6)
Labs suna ba da fifikon gwaje-gwaje masu mahimmanci guda huɗu don saduwa da ƙa'idodin 2025:
Formaldehyde HijiraAmfani da simulators na abinci (misali, 3% acetic acid don abinci na acidic), an auna ta HPLC. Dole ne sakamakon ya wuce 15mg/kg.
Amines na farko (PAA): An gwada ta hanyar gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) don tabbatar da yarda da iyakar 0.01mg/kg.
Karfe masu nauyi: gubar, cadmium, da antimony (≤600mg/kg don melamine mai launi) ana ƙididdige su ta hanyar amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙwayoyin cuta.
Saurin launiMa'aunin ΔE (ƙaura mai launi) dole ne ya zama <3.0 a kowace ISO 11674 don guje wa da'awar canza launin abinci.
Kunshin gwajin cikakken kwantena yawanci farashin €2,000-€4,000, ya danganta da adadin bambance-bambancen samfuri da lokacin juyawa (sabis na gaggawa yana ƙara 30% zuwa kudade) .
4. Takaddun Takaddun Shaida & Biyayya (Makonni 7-8)
Bayan cin nasarar gwaje-gwaje, za ku sami takardu masu mahimmanci guda biyu:
Rahoton Nau'in Gwajin EC: Yana aiki na shekaru 2, wannan yana tabbatar da yarda da EU 10/2011 da EN 14362-1.
SDS (Takardun Bayanan Tsaro): Ana buƙata a ƙarƙashin REACH idan abun cikin melamine ya wuce 0.1% ta nauyi.
Ajiye kwafi na dijital a cikin hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da dillalan kwastam-jinkirin samar da waɗannan takaddun shine dalilin #1 na riƙe akwati.
Dabarun Raba Kudaden Gwaji: Yanke Kudade da kashi 30-50%
Ga masu siyar da kaya masu sarrafa kwantena 10+ kowace shekara, farashin gwaji na iya haɓaka da sauri. Waɗannan dabarun da masana'antu suka tabbatar suna rage nauyin kuɗi yayin da ake kiyaye aiki:
1. Manufacturer-Shigo da Kudin Rarraba
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa: Yi shawarwari tare da masana'anta na melamine don raba kudaden gwaji 50/50. Ƙaddamar da wannan azaman saka hannun jari na haɗin gwiwa na dogon lokaci - masu samar da kayayyaki suna amfana daga riƙe masu siye masu yarda da EU, yayin da kuke rage farashin kowane kwantena. Dillali mai matsakaicin girma yana shigo da kwantena 20 / shekara zai iya adana € 20,000-€ 40,000 kowace shekara tare da wannan ƙirar.
2. Ƙarfafa Batch
Haɗa ƙananan umarni masu yawa (misali, kwantena 2-3 20ft) cikin akwati guda 40ft don gwaji. Labs suna cajin 15-20% ƙasa don jigilar kayayyaki, kamar yadda samfuri da sarrafawa ke daidaitawa. Wannan yana aiki mafi kyau don abubuwan yanayi kamar tiren abinci, inda za'a iya daidaita lokacin oda.
3. Kwangilolin Lab na Shekara da yawa
Kulle ƙima tare da ingantaccen lab (misali, AFNOR, SGS) na shekaru 1-2. Abokan kwangila yawanci suna karɓar rangwame 10-15% akan kuɗin gwaji da sarrafa fifiko. Misali, kwangilar shekaru 2 tare da Eurofins na kwantena 50 / shekara yana rage farashin kowane gwaji daga € 3,000 zuwa € 2,550 - jimlar tanadi na € 22,500.
4. Ƙimar Rage Kuɗin Haɗari
Makonni 31-60: Gudanar da gwajin matukin jirgi a kan akwati ɗaya don gano gibin masana'antu (misali, formaldehyde da ya wuce kima daga resin ƙarancin inganci).
Makonni 61–90: Horar da ƙungiyar dabarun ku don ƙaddamar da rahoton gwajin EC tare da sanarwar kwastam, da kuma duba resin resin ɗin mai kaya don tabbatar da daidaitawa.
Game da Mu
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-13-2025