Ga dillalan B2B da ke shigo da kayan tebur na melamine masu yawa zuwa Tarayyar Turai, 2025 ya zama muhimmin lokaci na sauya bin ƙa'ida. Sabuwar ƙa'idar Hukumar Turai ta sabunta game da kayan abinci - rage iyakar ƙaura ta musamman ta formaldehyde (SML) zuwa 15mg/kg ga kayayyakin melamine - ya riga ya haifar da ƙaruwar ƙin amincewa da kan iyakoki: ya zuwa Oktoba 2025, Ireland kaɗai ta tsare jigilar kwantena 14 na kayan tebur na melamine marasa bin ƙa'ida, inda kowane kamawa ke kashe masu shigo da kaya matsakaicin €12,000 a cikin tarar da kuɗin zubar da kaya.
Ga dillalan da ke kula da manyan oda (raka'a 5,000+ a kowace akwati), bin diddigin tsarin takardar shaidar EN 14362-1 da ake buƙata yayin da ake sarrafa farashin gwaji yanzu babban fifiko ne. Wannan jagorar ta fayyace sabbin buƙatun ƙa'idodi, tsarin takardar shaidar mataki-mataki, da dabarun raba farashi mai aiki waɗanda aka tsara don ayyukan da aka tsara don manyan ayyuka.
Dokar Tarayyar Turai ta 2025: Abin da Masu Sayayya Masu Yawa Ke Bukatar Sani
Gyaran 2025 zuwaDokar EC (EU) Lamba 10/2011yana wakiltar mafi tsaurin sabuntawa ga ƙa'idodin kayan tebur na melamine cikin shekaru goma, wanda ke haifar da karuwar damuwa game da haɗarin fallasa formaldehyde na dogon lokaci. Ga masu shigo da kayayyaki da yawa, manyan canje-canje guda uku suna buƙatar kulawa nan take:
Ƙarfafa Iyakan Formaldehyde: SML na formaldehyde ya ragu daga 20mg/kg na baya zuwa 15mg/kg—ragewa da kashi 25%. Wannan ya shafi duk kayan tebur na melamine, gami da kayayyaki masu launi da waɗanda aka buga waɗanda aka saba sayarwa a cikin jimilla.
Faɗaɗa Tsarin GwajiBayan formaldehyde, EN 14362-1 yanzu ya ba da umarnin gwada manyan amines masu ƙanshi (PAA) a ≤0.01mg/kg da ƙarfe masu nauyi (gubar ≤0.01mg/kg, cadmium ≤0.005mg/kg) don samfuran launi.
Daidaito IYAKA: Ana sa ran Melamine zai shiga cikin Annex XIV na REACH (Jerin Izini). Yanzu dole ne dillalan dillalai su riƙe bayanan takaddun shaida na tsawon shekaru 10 don tabbatar da gaskiyar sarkar samar da kayayyaki.
"Kudin rashin bin ƙa'ida ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar 2025," in ji Maria Lopez, darektan bin ƙa'ida a wata babbar mai rarraba abinci ta EU. "Kwantenar da aka ƙi amincewa da ita ɗaya na iya share ribar watanni 3 a kan layukan melamine. Masu siyan kayayyaki da yawa ba za su iya ɗaukar takardar shaidar a matsayin wani abu da aka yi tunani a kai ba."
Takaddun Shaida na Mataki-mataki na EN 14362-1 don Jigilar Kwantenoni Cikakkun
EN 14362-1 shine ƙa'idar da EU ta wajabta don gwada kayan abinci da suka ƙunshi rini da shafi - suna da mahimmanci ga kayan tebur na melamine mai yawa, wanda galibi yana ɗauke da ƙira da aka buga ko ƙarewa masu launi. Ba kamar gwajin samfura na mutum ɗaya ba, takardar shaidar cikakken akwati tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari na samfura da takaddun shaida don tabbatar da sakamako mai wakilci. Ga tsarin aiki da aka mayar da hankali kan jimilla:
1. Shiri Kafin Gwaji (Makonni 1-2)
Kafin fara gwaji, yi la'akari da masana'anta akan muhimman bayanai guda biyu:
Daidaito na Kayan Aiki: Tabbatar cewa dukkan na'urorin da ke cikin akwati suna amfani da nau'ikan resin melamine iri ɗaya da kuma launuka iri ɗaya. Rukunin gauraye suna buƙatar gwaji daban-daban, wanda ke ƙara farashi da kashi 40-60%.
Takardu: A tabbatar da cikakken lissafin kayan aiki (BOM) gami da mai samar da resin, ƙayyadaddun rini, da kwanakin samarwa - waɗanda dakunan gwaje-gwaje kamar SGS da Eurofins ke buƙata don tabbatar da iyakokin gwaji.
2. Samfuran Kwantenan Cikakke (Mako na 3)
EN 14362-1 ta ba da umarnin ɗaukar samfur bisa ga girman kwantena da nau'in samfurin. Don jigilar melamine mai yawa:
Kwantena na yau da kullun (ƙafa 20/ƙafa 40): Cire samfuran wakilci guda 3 a kowane launi/ƙira, tare da kowane samfurin yana ɗaukar aƙalla gram 1. Ga kwantena masu ƙira sama da 5, gwada bambance-bambancen guda 3 mafi girma da farko.
Rukunin Gauraye: Idan kana haɗa faranti, kwano, da tire, sai ka yi amfani da kowanne nau'in samfurin daban. A guji haɗa launuka - sakamakon da ya wuce 5mg/kg ga kowane amine zai buƙaci gwajin launi mai tsada.
Yawancin dakunan gwaje-gwaje masu izini suna ba da samfurin a wurin a tashoshin jiragen ruwa (misali, Rotterdam, Hamburg) akan €200–€350 a kowace kwantenar, wanda ke kawar da jinkirin jigilar kaya daga aika samfuran zuwa wurare masu nisa.
3. Ka'idojin Gwaji na Musamman (Makonni 4–6)
Dakunan gwaje-gwaje sun ba da fifiko ga gwaje-gwaje guda huɗu masu mahimmanci don cika ƙa'idodin 2025:
Shigewar Formaldehyde: Yin amfani da sinadaran abinci da aka kwaikwayi (misali, kashi 3% na acetic acid don abinci mai acidic), wanda aka auna ta hanyar HPLC. Sakamakon bai kamata ya wuce 15mg/kg ba.
Manyan Amines Masu Ƙamshi (PAA)An gwada ta hanyar amfani da na'urar auna yawan sinadarin gas (GC-MS) don tabbatar da bin ƙa'idar 0.01mg/kg.
Karfe Masu Nauyi: Ana auna gubar, cadmium, da antimony (≤600mg/kg ga melamine mai launi) ta amfani da na'urar nazarin sha ta atomic.
Saurin Launi: Dole ne ƙimar ΔE (ƙaurawar launi) ta kasance <3.0 bisa ga ISO 11674 don guje wa iƙirarin canza launin abinci.
Kunshin gwajin cikakken akwati yawanci yana kashe €2,000–€4,000, ya danganta da adadin bambance-bambancen samfura da lokacin dawowar dakin gwaje-gwaje (sabis na gaggawa yana ƙara 30% ga kuɗaɗen).
4. Takardun Takaddun Shaida & Biyayya (Makonni 7–8)
Bayan cin jarabawa, za ku sami takardu biyu masu mahimmanci:
Rahoton Gwajin Nau'in EC: Yana aiki na tsawon shekaru 2, wannan yana tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin EU 10/2011 da EN 14362-1.
SDS (Takardar Bayanan Tsaro): Ana buƙatar a ƙarƙashin REACH idan abun ciki na melamine ya wuce 0.1% ta nauyi.
Ajiye kwafin dijital a cikin wani shafin yanar gizo da aka raba tare da dillalin kwastam ɗinku - jinkiri wajen samar da waɗannan takardu shine babban dalilin riƙe akwatunan.
Dabaru na Raba Kuɗin Gwaji Mai Yawa: Rage Kuɗi da kashi 30-50%
Ga dillalan da ke kula da kwantena sama da 10 a kowace shekara, farashin gwaji na iya ƙaruwa da sauri. Waɗannan dabarun da masana'antu suka tabbatar suna rage nauyin kuɗi yayin da suke kiyaye bin ƙa'idodi:
1. Raba Kudin Mai Masana'anta da Mai Shigo da Kaya
Hanya mafi yawan amfani: Yi shawarwari da masana'antar melamine ɗinka don raba kuɗin gwaji 50/50. Sanya wannan a matsayin jarin haɗin gwiwa na dogon lokaci—masu samar da kayayyaki suna amfana daga riƙe masu siye masu bin ƙa'idodin EU, yayin da kuke rage farashin kowace kwantenar. Mai matsakaicin girma na jigilar kwantena 20/shekara zai iya adana €20,000–€40,000 kowace shekara tare da wannan samfurin.
2. Haɗakar Rukunin Rukuni
Haɗa ƙananan oda da yawa (misali, kwantena 2-3 masu tsawon ƙafa 20) a cikin akwati ɗaya mai tsawon ƙafa 40 don gwaji. Dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna cajin kashi 15-20% ƙasa da haka don jigilar kayayyaki masu haɗin gwiwa, saboda an daidaita samfurin da sarrafawa. Wannan ya fi dacewa da abubuwan yanayi kamar tiren abinci, inda za a iya daidaita lokacin oda.
3. Kwantiragin Dakunan Gwaji na Shekaru Da Dama
Kuɗin da aka kulle tare da dakin gwaje-gwaje mai izini (misali, AFNOR, SGS) na tsawon shekaru 1-2. Abokan ciniki na kwangila yawanci suna karɓar rangwame 10-15% akan kuɗin gwaji da kuma sarrafa fifiko. Misali, kwangilar shekaru 2 da Eurofins don kwantena 50/shekara yana rage farashin kowace gwaji daga €3,000 zuwa €2,550—jimillar tanadin €22,500.
4. Kudaden Rage Haɗarin Kin Amincewa
Makonni 31–60: Yi gwajin gwaji a kan akwati ɗaya don gano gibin da aka ƙera (misali, yawan formaldehyde daga resin mai ƙarancin inganci).
Makonni 61–90: Horar da ƙungiyar jigilar kayayyaki don gabatar da rahotannin gwajin EC tare da sanarwar kwastam, da kuma duba yadda ake samo resin na mai samar da kayayyaki don tabbatar da daidaiton REACH.
game da Mu
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-13-2025