Nazarin Shari'o'in Gudanar da Rikici: Yadda Masu Sayayya na B2B Ke Magance Matsalolin Kwatsam a Tsarin Samar da Kayan Lambun Melamine

Nazarin Shari'o'in Gudanar da Rikici: Yadda Masu Sayayya na B2B Ke Magance Matsalolin Kwatsam a Tsarin Samar da Kayan Lambun Melamine

Ga masu siyan kayan tebur na melamine na B2B—daga gidajen cin abinci na sarka da ƙungiyoyin baƙi zuwa masu ba da abinci na cibiyoyi—katsewar sarkar samar da kayayyaki ba sabon abu bane. Wani abu guda ɗaya, ko yajin aiki a tashar jiragen ruwa, ƙarancin kayan aiki, ko rufe masana'antu, na iya dakatar da ayyuka, ƙara farashi, da kuma lalata amincin abokan ciniki. Duk da haka, yayin da katsewar abubuwa ba makawa ba ne, tasirinsu ba zai yiwu ba. Wannan rahoton ya bincika bincike uku na gaske game da masu siyan B2B waɗanda suka shawo kan matsalar sarkar samar da kayan tebur na melamine cikin nasara. Ta hanyar rarraba dabarunsu—daga shirye-shiryen da aka riga aka tsara zuwa warware matsaloli masu sauƙi—mun gano darussa masu amfani don gina juriya a cikin sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya da ba a iya faɗi ba.

1. Rikice-rikicen Sarkar Samar da Kayan Teburin Melamine ga Masu Siyan B2B

Kayan teburin Melamine ba siyayya ce mai sauƙi ga ayyukan B2B ba. Kadara ce ta amfani da ita kowace rana da ta shafi muhimman ayyuka: yi wa abokan ciniki hidima, kiyaye daidaiton alama, da kuma biyan buƙatun aminci na abinci (misali, FDA 21 CFR Sashe na 177.1460, EU LFGB). Idan sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta gaza, sakamakon zai zo nan take:

Jinkirin Aiki: Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 2023 kan masu sayen melamine na B2B 200 ya gano cewa karancin sati 1 ya tilasta wa kashi 68% amfani da madadin da ake iya zubarwa mai tsada, wanda hakan ya kara farashin kowace na'ura da kashi 35-50%.

Haɗarin Bin Dokoki: Gudu zuwa neman maye gurbin da ba a tantance ba zai iya haifar da rashin bin ƙa'idodi - kashi 41% na masu siye a cikin wannan binciken sun ba da rahoton tara ko bincike bayan amfani da masu samar da kayayyaki na gaggawa ba tare da ingantaccen binciken takaddun shaida ba.

Asarar Kuɗi: Ga manyan sarƙoƙi, ƙarancin melamine na makonni 2 na iya kashe 150,000-300,000 a cikin asarar tallace-tallace, saboda wurare suna iyakance abubuwan menu ko rage lokutan sabis.

2. Nazarin Shari'a na 1: Kayayyakin Rufe Tashar Jiragen Ruwa (Sarkar Sauri ta Arewacin Amurka)

2.1 Yanayin Rikicin

A kwata na uku na shekarar 2023, wani yajin aiki na kwanaki 12 ya rufe wani babban tashar jiragen ruwa ta Yammacin Tekun Amurka. "FreshBite," wani sarkar da ke da saurin gudu mai wurare 320, ta makale a tashar jiragen ruwa guda 7 na kwano da faranti na melamine na musamman (wanda darajarsu ta kai dala $380,000) a tashar jiragen ruwa. Kayayyakin sarkar sun ragu zuwa kwanaki 4 na kaya, kuma babban mai samar da su - wani kamfanin kera kayayyaki na kasar Sin - ba zai iya sake tura jigilar kayayyaki zuwa wasu kwanaki 10 ba. Ganin cewa lokacin cin abincin rana ya kai kashi 70% na kudaden shiga na mako-mako, ajiyar kaya zai gurgunta tallace-tallace.

2.2 Dabarun Amsawa: Masu Kaya Masu Mayar da Kaya Masu Mataki + Rarraba Kayayyaki

Ƙungiyar sayayya ta FreshBite ta kunna wani shiri na gaggawa da aka riga aka gina, wanda aka ƙirƙiro bayan jinkirin jigilar kaya na 2022:

Ma'ajiyar Yanki Mai Inganci: Sarkar ta kula da masu samar da kayayyaki guda 3 masu tallafi - ɗaya a Texas (jigilar kwana 1), ɗaya a Mexico (jigilar kwana 2), da ɗaya a Ontario (jigilar kwana 3) - duk an riga an tantance lafiyar abinci kuma an horar da su don samar da kayan abinci na FreshBite na musamman. Cikin awanni 24, ƙungiyar ta sanya umarnin gaggawa: kwano 45,000 daga Texas (an kawo su cikin awanni 48) da faranti 60,000 daga Mexico (an kawo su cikin awanni 72).

Rarraba Fifiko a Wuri: Domin faɗaɗa yawan kayan da ake samarwa, FreshBite ta ware kashi 80% na kayan gaggawa ga manyan biranen da ke da yawan jama'a (wanda ke samar da kashi 65% na kudaden shiga). Ƙananan wuraren da ke kewayen birni sun yi amfani da madadin da aka riga aka amince da shi na tsawon kwanaki 5—wanda aka yiwa lakabi da "shirin dorewa na ɗan lokaci" don kiyaye amincin abokan ciniki.

2.3 Sakamako

FreshBite ta guji samun cikakken ajiyar kaya: kashi 15% ne kawai na wurare suka yi amfani da kayan da aka zubar, kuma babu wani kantin sayar da kayan da aka rage a cikin jerin abincin. Jimlar kuɗin da aka kashe a lokacin rikicin (jigilar gaggawa + kayan da aka zubar) sun kai 78,000—ƙasa da hasashen da aka yi na asarar tallace-tallace 520,000 daga cikas na kwanaki 12. Bayan rikicin, sarkar ta ƙara wani sashe na "sassaucin tashar jiragen ruwa" ga babban kwangilar mai samar da kayayyaki, wanda ke buƙatar jigilar kaya ta hanyar wasu tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda biyu idan an rufe babban kasuwar.

3. Nazarin Shari'a na 2: Karancin Kayan Danye Ya Dakatar da Samarwa (Ƙungiyar Otal-otal Masu Alfarma ta Turai)

3.1 Yanayin Rikicin

A farkon shekarar 2024, gobara ta tashi a wani kamfanin resin melamine na Jamus (wani muhimmin kayan abinci na tebur) wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin abinci a duniya. "Elegance Resorts," wata ƙungiya mai otal-otal 22 masu tsada a faɗin Turai, ta fuskanci jinkiri na tsawon makonni 4 daga kamfanin da ke samar da ita na musamman na Italiya—wanda ya dogara da kamfanin Jamus don samun kashi 75% na resin ɗinsa. Ƙungiyar ta shafe makonni tana jiran lokacin yawon buɗe ido kuma tana buƙatar maye gurbin kashi 90% na kayan teburin melamine ɗinta don cika ƙa'idodin alama.

3.2 Dabarun Amsawa: Sauya Kayan Aiki + Samun Haɗin gwiwa

Ƙungiyar samar da kayayyaki ta Elegance ta guji firgici ta hanyar dogara ga dabarun da aka riga aka gwada:

Madadin Haɗaɗɗen da aka Amince da su: Kafin rikicin, ƙungiyar ta gwada haɗin melamine-polypropylene mai aminci ga abinci wanda ya cika ƙa'idodin LFGB kuma ya dace da dorewa da bayyanar kayan tebur na asali. Duk da cewa ya fi tsada da kashi 15%, haɗin ya kasance a shirye don samarwa. Ƙungiyar ta yi aiki tare da mai samar da shi na Italiya don canzawa zuwa haɗin cikin kwanaki 5, don tabbatar da isar da shi akan lokaci.

Siyan Haɗin gwiwa a Masana'antu: Elegance ta haɗu da wasu ƙungiyoyin otal-otal guda 4 na Turai don yin odar haɗin gwiwa don yin amfani da resin daga wani mai samar da kayayyaki na Poland. Ta hanyar haɗa oda, ƙungiyar ta sami kashi 60% na buƙatun resin kuma ta yi shawarwari kan rangwame na 12% - wanda ya rage mafi yawan kuɗin haɗin.

3.3 Sakamako

An kammala maye gurbin kayan teburi mai kyau mako 1 kafin lokacin da aka fara kakar wasa. Binciken bayan zaman ya nuna cewa kashi 98% na baƙi ba su lura da canjin kayan ba. Jimlar kuɗin da aka kashe ya wuce kashi 7% (ƙasa da kashi 22% da aka yi hasashe ba tare da haɗin gwiwa ba). Ƙungiyar ta kuma kafa "haɗin gwiwar resin na baƙi" tare da otal-otal na abokan hulɗa don raba albarkatun masu samar da kayayyaki don kayan da ke da haɗari sosai.

4. Nazarin Shari'a na 3: Rufe Masana'antu Ya Katse Umarnin Musamman (Mai Gina Kayayyakin Cibiyoyin Asiya)

4.1 Yanayin Rikicin

A kwata na biyu na shekarar 2023, barkewar cutar COVID-19 ta tilasta rufe wani masana'antar Vietnam wacce ke samar da tiren melamine na musamman ga "AsiaMeal," wani mai hidimar abinci ga makarantu 180 da abokan ciniki na kamfanoni a Singapore da Malaysia. An tsara tiren ne musamman don dacewa da abincin da AsiaMeal ta riga ta shirya, kuma babu wani mai samar da kayayyaki da ya yi irin wannan samfurin. Mai hidimar abinci yana da sauran kwanaki 8 kacal na kaya, kuma kwangilolin makaranta sun hukunta jinkiri da $5,000 a kowace rana.

4.2 Dabarun Amsawa: Daidaita Tsarin Zane + Ƙirƙirar Gida

Tawagar matsalolin da AsiaMeal ta fuskanta ta mayar da hankali kan saurin aiki da kuma fahimtar inda aka nufa:

Saurin Gyaran Zane: Ƙungiyar ƙira ta cikin gida ta gyara ƙayyadaddun tiren don daidaita tiren da aka raba daga mai samar da kayayyaki na Singapore - suna daidaita girman ɗakunan da kashi 10% da kuma cire tambarin da ba shi da mahimmanci. Ƙungiyar ta sami amincewa daga kashi 96% na abokan cinikin makaranta cikin awanni 72 (suna fifita isarwa maimakon ƙananan canje-canjen ƙira).

Samar da Kayayyaki Masu Kyau na Gida: Ga abokan ciniki 4 na kamfanoni masu fifiko waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙirar asali, AsiaMeal ta haɗu da ƙaramin injin ƙera filastik na Singapore don samar da tire 4,000 na musamman ta amfani da zanen melamine mai aminci ga abinci. Duk da cewa ya ninka tsada sau 3 fiye da masana'antar Vietnam, wannan ya hana tarar kwangila ta $25,000.

4.3 Sakamako

AsiaMeal ta riƙe kashi 100% na abokan cinikinta kuma ta guji hukunta su. Jimillar kuɗin da aka kashe a rikicin ya kai 42,000—wanda ya yi ƙasa da tarar 140,000 da za a iya ci. Bayan rikicin, mai hidimar abinci ya mayar da kashi 35% na kayan da aka kera zuwa ga masu samar da kayayyaki na gida kuma ya zuba jari a cikin tsarin adana kayayyaki na dijital don kiyaye adana kayayyaki masu mahimmanci na kwanaki 30.

5. Muhimman Darussa ga Masu Sayen B2B: Juriyar Sarkar Samar da Kayayyaki a Gine-gine​

A cikin dukkan nazarin shari'o'i uku, dabaru guda huɗu sun bayyana a matsayin masu mahimmanci wajen magance katsewar sarkar samar da kayan tebur na melamine:

5.1 Shirya Aiki Mai Kyau (Kada Ka Yi Damuwa)

Duk masu siye uku suna da tsare-tsare da aka riga aka gina: masu samar da madadin FreshBite, kayan madadin Elegance, da kuma ka'idojin daidaitawar ƙira na AsiaMeal. Waɗannan tsare-tsaren ba na ka'ida ba ne—ana gwada su kowace shekara ta hanyar "darussan kan tebur" (misali, kwaikwayon rufe tashar jiragen ruwa don yin aikin hanyar oda). Ya kamata masu siyan B2B su tambaya: Shin muna da masu samar da madadin da aka riga aka tantance? Shin mun gwada wasu kayan? Shin kayanmu suna bin diddigin ainihin lokaci?

5.2 Rarraba (Amma Guji Yawan Takaitawa)